University governance: Dual model dominant in Europe; external representation increasing (EUA report)

"While differences between higher education systems persist, reflecting diverse traditions, political cultures, and regulatory environments, several common trends can be identified. Over the past decade, the dual governance model (where universities have two governing bodies) has become the dominant structure in Europe, and external representation in governing bodies has been introduced or reinforced", says the EUA's publication, 'Participation in Institutional Governance: Evolving models of university governance II', published on 09/07/2025.

According to the report, this approach enables academic communities to maintain control over essential academic issues, while governing boards guide strategic direction and financial oversight. Inclusive and balanced governance structures have become standard practice.

"The findings do not support concerns expressed at European level about external members gaining excessive influence over academic decision-making. In most countries, reforms have not resulted in purely external boards or the exclusion of internal university constituencies".

"This…